NPSpecies

Data Source: Belden, 1995;Ingram, 1998

Data Source: Gleason & Cronquist, 1991 Legacy NPSpecies information may no longer be applicable, please remove if it is not applicable. In legacy NPSpecies Weedy value was Yes with comment: according to reference NPBIB-132232 In legacy NPSpecies Pest value was Yes with comment: see comments

Data Source: Gounaris, 2000

Park Species Detail: Ingram, 1998: Uncommon; edge of mown field./Hobson, 1998: observed populations within the Cheatham Pond and Wormley Pond survey areas./Gounaris, 2000: Highly invasive, covering a relatively high percentage of the park. It is unrealistic to expect complete eradication of these species. Areas of critical habitats should be kept free of invasive exotics. (see reference for further discussion.) One of the species causing the greatest impact, based on the parkwide acreage they cover. Complete control of these species throughout the park will be difficult and costly. Therefore, specific populations or areas of the park should be considered for management of these species. Yorktown: Greater than 20 populations were found concentrated in forest and streamside habitats on the eastern side of Yorktown. Common in wooded areas of the village. Populations were typically large and consisted of many large individuals. It was also found within ~47 acres of roadside. Common along wooded edges of fields. Jamestown: Four small populations of low plant density were found on the western end of the island. Individuals were all relatively small. It was also found within -1 acre of roadside Green Spring: One large population was found adjacent to a field Colonial Parkway: Found within -320 acres of parkway corridor Neck of Land: Two large and two small populations were found in old homesite areas. It was also found along old route 31., Park Species Data Source: Hobson, 1998-Yorktown Unit/ Cheatham and Wormley Pond Drainages;Vanasse Hangen Brustlin Inc., 1996-Colonial Parkway/Jamestown Unit/Yorktown Unit;Loetterle, 1970-Jamestown Unit /Jamestown Island;Ingram, 1998-Jamestown Unit/Green Spring ;Salle,1972-Colonial Parkway;Gounaris, 2000 -Colonial Parkway/Jamestown Unit/Yorktown Unit;Belden, 1995-Yorktown Unit/York Creek Drainiage;VanAlstine, 2004-Entire Park