NPSpecies

Status based on voucher information from University of Alaska Museum Herbarium; Data Source: Carlson, M. L., R. Lipkin, M. Sturdy and J. A. Michealson. 2004. Kenai Fjords National Park [2003] vascular plant inventory final annual report. NPS, Southwest Alaska Network, Anchorage, AK. NPS/AKR/SWAN/NRTR-2004/02

Some populations of Phalaris arundinacea L. are possibly native in Alaska. Four sites that may harbor native forms are from hot springs of interior Alaska (Big Windy, Kanuti, Kilo, and Manley Hot Springs; “N?” in figure). Active mining occurred in these areas in the early 20th Century and seeds may have been brought in with livestock. If these populations are native they represent important and likely unique components to the biodiversity and biogeographic history of Alaska and Beringia. Phalaris arundinacea in these remote locations should not be removed. However, monitoring may be critical as introgression with other cultivated and weedy forms can result in substantial increases in invasiveness (Merigliano and Lesica 1998). Populations south of the Alaska Range are generally associated with anthropogenic disturbance and are most likely introduced or introgressed genotypes as in the Pacific Northwest (see Merigliano and Lesica 1998). These introduced populations pose a serious threat to communities and ecosystem function.; Data Source: AKNHP 2006 Invasiveness Ranking Legacy NPSpecies information may no longer be applicable, please remove if it is not applicable. In legacy NPSpecies Cultivation value was Not cultivated with comment: Assume for any Present in Park that does not already have a code for cultivation to be Not cultivated per A. Miller 01/23/2007 In legacy NPSpecies Weedy value was Yes with comment: This plant is highly invasive (AKNHP 2006 Invasiveness score of 83 out of 100). Some populations associated with hotsprings in interior AK may be native. All other populations in other regions should be considered invasives

Park Species Data Source: Northern Plant Documentation Center, Herbarium, University of Alaska Museum (ALA), Fairbanks, AK